Written by: Carmela Arguelles
A day that will forever be remembered in Korean history is March 1st, 1919. A monumental day of liberation for the Korean people, whose message was reached around the world. A historic declaration was made that sparked the largest national protest Korea had ever seen.
The Importance
This day not only represents the freedom that Korea fought for against Japan, but it also marks the beginning of democracy and the official recognition of the Republic of Korea. The movement began with a public reading of the Declaration of Independence. Thirty-three activists courageously read the Korean Declaration of Independence, proclaiming Korea’s right to be free from Japanese colonial rule.
Over 2,000,000 Koreans participated in more than 1,500 demonstrations, not only throughout Korea but also across the world. It became the biggest national protest in Korean history. Although the protests were met with harsh suppression, the movement led to a major turning point. Later in 1919, Korean leaders established the Korean Provisional Government in exile, which adopted democratic principles and proclaimed Korea as a democratic republic that would eventually become the Republic of Korea.
How to Celebrate
Today, 삼일절 is a national holiday in South Korea. Most government offices and schools are closed in remembrance. The day is marked by flag-raising ceremonies, parades, concerts, and exhibitions featuring re-enactments of the March 1st Movement.
To honor the day, there is a public reading of the Korean Declaration of Independence in Tapgol Park. It is a time for Koreans to reflect on the courage and unity of those who stood together for freedom and democracy.
While there are celebratory elements, it is also a solemn day. Most government offices, schools, and many businesses close. Citizens take time to reflect on the sacrifices made for Korea’s independence and the establishment of a democratic republic.
Overall, Independence Movement Day is not just a remembrance of the past; it is a reaffirmation of Korea’s democratic identity and national resilience.
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